Chief Virtues & Vices

(Series 3, Part 2, Teaching #18)

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Chief Virtues & Vices

There are seven chief vices and seven chief virtues—two roads, two ways, two paths of life.

The seven chief vices are:

  1. Pride — putting the will of self before the will of God.

  2. Envy — sorrow toward another’s good or joy at another’s misfortune.

  3. Anger — unjust wrath toward God, neighbor, or the good.

  4. Sloth — laziness toward the pursuit of God and the good.

  5. Greed — immoderate desire to possess worldly things over spiritual things.

  6. Gluttony — immoderate or immoral consumption.

  7. Lust — immoderate or immoral sexual desire.

These vices, and their many sub-vices, disfigure the soul—twisting it inward, disordered toward the self. They veil the light of truth, cloud the will, and pull the passions into rebellion. A soul ruled by vice cannot walk the narrow path, for the burdens of sin drag it from the way of life toward the way of destruction.

The seven chief virtues are:

  1. Faith — to believe in and surrender to Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, the Holy Trinity, Sacred Scripture, and all the truths God has revealed—for God Himself is Truth.

  2. Hope — to trust in God and the promise of Christ for eternal life—divinely inspiring one to desire God’s will on earth and union with God's love in Heaven as one’s utmost happiness and ultimate end.

  3. Charity — to love God above all things—moving one to love God, neighbor, and self, not for one’s own sake, but for God’s sake.

  4. Prudence — to discern and direct what is right.

  5. Justice — to do and uphold what is right.

  6. Fortitude — to endure difficulties and trials.

  7. Temperance — to moderate desires and temptations.

These virtues, and their many sub-virtues, bring order to the soul. They lift the sails of the spirit, that the wind of grace may fill them. They illuminate the intellect, strengthen the will, and rightly direct the passions—uniting the whole of your being with the will of God.

The difference is stark. Vice enslaves; virtue liberates. Vice veers off course; virtue walks the narrow path. Vice darkens the soul; virtue brings it to light.

And so, the question is ever before you: Which will you pursue?

Scripture says, “As a deer longs for flowing streams, so my soul longs for you, O God” (Psalm 42:1). That longing is not for what the world can offer—but for what only God can give. To pursue virtue is to quench the thirst of your soul at the wellspring of divine Truth. It is to drink deeply from the waters of wisdom and be made whole.

In the teachings to come, we will journey through each of these virtues and vices in depth—first learning to recognize and reject vice, for “to flee vice is the beginning of virtue” (Horace), and then to understand, embody, and grow in virtue through grace.

For the virtuous life is not merely a noble ideal—it is the path to holiness. It is the life God wills for you. It is the life that fulfills.

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Related Scripture

“As a deer longs for flowing streams, so my soul longs for you, O God.” — Psalm 41:2 (NRSVue)

“A good person brings good out of the treasure of good things in his heart; a bad person brings bad out of his treasure of bad things. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of.” — ‭‭Luke‬ ‭6:45‬ (GNT)

“The highway of the upright avoids evil; those who guard their way preserve their lives.” — Proverbs 16:17 (NRSVue)

“Just as you were once determined to turn away from God, now turn back and serve him with ten times more determination.” — ‭‭Baruch‬ ‭4‬:‭28‬ (GNT‬‬)

“Look at the proud! Their spirit is not right in them, but the righteous live by their faith.” — ‭‭Habakkuk‬ ‭2:4‬ ‭(NRSVue)

“Do not be conquered by evil but conquer evil with good.” — Romans 12:21 (NABRE)

“God Is Light. Now this is the message that we have heard from him and proclaim to you: God is light, and in him there is no darkness at all. If we say, ‘We have fellowship with him,’ while we continue to walk in darkness, we lie and do not act in truth. But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, then we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of his Son Jesus cleanses us from all sin. If we say, ‘We are without sin,’ we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we acknowledge our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from every wrongdoing.” — 1 John‬ ‭1:5-9 (NABRE)

“If then you were raised with Christ, seek what is above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God. Think of what is above, not of what is on earth. For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ your life appears, then you too will appear with him in glory. Put to death, then, the parts of you that are earthly: immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and the greed that is idolatry. Because of these the wrath of God is coming [upon the disobedient]. By these you too once conducted yourselves, when you lived in that way. But now you must put them all away: anger, fury, malice, slander, and obscene language out of your mouths. Stop lying to one another, since you have taken off the old self with its practices and have put on the new self, which is being renewed, for knowledge, in the image of its creator. Here there is not Greek and Jew, circumcision and uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free; but Christ is all and in all. Put on then, as God’s chosen ones, holy and beloved, heartfelt compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience, bearing with one another and forgiving one another, if one has a grievance against another; as the Lord has forgiven you, so must you also do. And over all these put on love, that is, the bond of perfection. And let the peace of Christ control your hearts, the peace into which you were also called in one body. And be thankful. Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, as in all wisdom you teach and admonish one another, singing psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs with gratitude in your hearts to God. And whatever you do, in word or in deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.” ‭‭— Colossians‬ ‭3‬:‭1‬-‭17‬ ‭(NABRE)

“For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, virtue with knowledge, knowledge with self-control, self-control with endurance, endurance with devotion, devotion with mutual affection, mutual affection with love. If these are yours and increase in abundance, they will keep you from being idle or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. Anyone who lacks them is blind and shortsighted, forgetful of the cleansing of his past sins. Therefore, brothers, be all the more eager to make your call and election firm, for, in doing so, you will never stumble.” — 2 Peter 1:5-10 (NABRE)

“And if a man love justice: her labours have great virtues; for she teacheth temperance, and prudence, and justice, and fortitude, which are such things as men can have nothing more profitable in life. ” — Wisdom 8:7 (DRA)

“Do you love justice? All the virtues are the result of Wisdom's work: justice and courage, self-control and understanding. Life can offer us nothing more valuable than these.” — ‭‭Wisdom ‭8‬:‭7‬ (‭GNT)

“What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but does not have works? Surely that faith cannot save, can it? If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food and one of you says to them, ‘Go in peace; keep warm and eat your fill,’ and yet you do not supply their bodily needs, what is the good of that? So faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead. But someone will say, ‘You have faith, and I have works.’ Show me your faith apart from works, and I by my works will show you faith. You believe that God is one; you do well. Even the demons believe—and shudder. Do you want to be shown, you senseless person, that faith apart from works is worthless? Was not our ancestor Abraham justified by works when he offered his son Isaac on the altar? You see that faith was active along with his works, and by works faith was brought to completion. Thus the scripture was fulfilled that says, ‘Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness,’ and he was called the friend of God. You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. Likewise, was not Rahab the prostitute also justified by works when she welcomed the messengers and sent them out by another road? For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is also dead.” — ‭‭James‬ ‭2:14-26‬ ‭(NRSVue)

“To be wise you must first have reverence for the Lord. If you know the Holy One, you have understanding. Wisdom will add years to your life. You are the one who will profit if you have wisdom, and if you reject it, you are the one who will suffer.” — ‭‭Proverbs‬ ‭9:10-12 (GNT)

Related Quotes

“To flee vice is the beginning of virtue.” — Horace

“We can’t have full knowledge all at once. We must start by believing; then afterward we may be led on to master the evidence for ourselves.” — St. Thomas Aquinas

“Unbelief is the greatest of sins.” — St. Thomas Aquinas

“A few vices are sufficient to darken many virtues.” — Plutarch

“A slight failing in one virtue is enough to put all the others to sleep.” — St. Teresa of Avila

“How can one be pleasing to God when one is inflated with pride and self-love under the pretense of striving for God's glory, while in fact one is seeking one's own glory?” — St. Mary Faustina Kowalska

“Think no vice so small that you may commit it, and no virtue so small that you may over look it.” — Confucius

“And all knowledge, when separated from justice and virtue, is seen to be cunning and not wisdom; wherefore make this your first and last and constant and all-absorbing aim, to exceed, if possible, not only us but all your ancestors in virtue; and know that to excel you in virtue only brings us shame, but that to be excelled by you is a source of happiness to us.” — Plato

“Just as the commander of an army pitches his camp, studies the strength and defenses of a fortress, and then attacks it on its weakest side, in like manner, the enemy of our human nature studies from all sides our theological, cardinal, and moral virtues. Wherever he finds us weakest and most in need regarding our eternal salvation, he attacks and tries to take us by storm.” — St. Ignatius of Loyola

“Faith is the strength by which a shattered world shall emerge into the light.” — Helen Keller

“God, enlighten the darkness of my heart and give me a right faith, a sure hope, a perfect charity, sense and knowledge, so that I may carry out your holy command.” — St. Francis of Assisi

“Think no vice so small that you may commit it, and no virtue so small that you may over look it.” — Confucius

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